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KMID : 0379220150350010019
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Journal of Korea Gerontological Society
2015 Volume.35 No. 1 p.19 ~ p.34
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The Effect of Verbal Elaboration on Emotional Memory in Young and Old Adults
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Park Myung-Sook
Park Chang-Ho
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Abstract
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This research investigated the impact of verbal elaborations in older and younger adults’ recall of emotional pictures in two elaboration conditions. Participants viewed 32 pictures with accompanying sentences on a computer screen and were asked to rate whether the sentence described the picture. Then they were asked to do a free recall test and then to do a cued recall test . Only in the cued recall test, older adults as well as younger adults were more likely to recall the pictures in the congruent elaboration-condition than in the incongruent elaboration-condition. In the free recall test, verbal elaborations at the encoding stage did not improve memory for either age group. The finding that verbal elaborations at study and presentation of verbal context at test facilitated recall for both age groups suggests that the congruence of the encoding and retrieval context appear to be an important limiting condition for the mnemonic benefit. Older adults showed a marginal positivity effect in the free recall test and to show a positivity effect in the cued recall test. The pattern of this research’s results was discussed in relation to socioemotional selectivity theory and emotion regulation patterns in the different socio-cultural contexts.
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KEYWORD
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elaborations , emotional memory , aging , socioemotional selectivity theory
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